Me (dynamic) filter is an integral part of the Person filter, meaning it is available as a dropdown option in every person filter, for example, Assignee, Creator, Owner, or Person. You can use it for task views, but also in Scheduling, Deals, and Budgets.
What is so special about this filter? It is dynamic, meaning it recognises the user who is viewing and filters the data according to them.
So, if you create a public view using Me (dynamic filter), each of your teammates will see the data related to them (their own tasks, budgets, or deals) filtered out here.